There are many types of sexual pain conditions that can lead to pain or discomfort during intercourse (dyspareunia).

Vaginismus is a condition in which muscle spasms occur uncontrollably, causing the muscles of the vagina to tense. Women who suffer from vaginismus are generally unable to engage in any form of vaginal penetration, including gynecological examinations, insertion of tampons, or sexual intercourse.

Vulvodynia is a general term used to describe pain in the genital area. It is most commonly associated with localized pain at the entry of the vagina (vestibulodynia). Pain may be produced by the pressure from a finger, tampon, or penetration during intercourse and may last for many hours.]

Sexual pain can be very distressing and women who suffer from it often feel isolated, ashamed, and depressed. Pain can also have a profound negative impact on existing relationships. Fortunately, psychologists can help manage sexual pain, often in conjunction with physicians and physiotherapists. Psychologists can help address traumatic sexual experiences, reduce negative emotions, and decrease the fear of painful sex in order to improve sexual functioning.